Artificial intelligence (AI) offers multiple avenues for improving supply chain sustainability. Integrating AI into supply chain management can result in optimized operations, reduced waste, better demand forecasting and more environmentally friendly practices.
Here’s how AI is driving supply chain sustainability.
1. Demand Forecasting
Traditional forecasting methods can lead to overproduction or underproduction, which are unsustainable in the long run. However, AI can accurately predict demand by analyzing large datasets from diverse sources. This ensures companies produce only the necessary amounts, minimizing waste and excess.
2. Supplier Monitoring and Routing
AI helps select sustainable suppliers by analyzing their environmental and social governance records. Businesses can uphold sustainability throughout the supply chain by choosing the right suppliers.
Beyond just selection, AI also actively monitors suppliers in real time. This ensures they consistently adhere to the set sustainability standards.
3. Resource Management
Intelligent systems pinpoint inefficiencies and waste in the supply chain. By addressing these inefficiencies, organizations can significantly reduce waste in the production, storage and distribution phases. AI evaluates resource utilization in production processes, recommending more sustainable alternatives or ways to use fewer resources.
Instead of merely reacting to equipment issues, AI predicts potential machinery or vehicle failures by analyzing performance data. This proactive approach ensures servicing or replacements happen before breakdowns occur, avoiding wasteful emergency repairs.
4. Environmental Benefits
The system can review packaging efficiency and materials, suggest design changes to minimize material use or promote biodegradable or recyclable alternatives. AI facilitates the management of product returns, repairs, recycling and reusing materials, contributing to a more sustainable circular economy.
AI plays a crucial role in warehousing and manufacturing by monitoring energy consumption patterns. By doing so, it provides valuable insights for more efficient energy use or even the transition to renewable sources. By using sensors, AI delivers real-time monitoring of various supply chain processes. This helps enterprises quickly address areas of resource waste or high emissions.
Companies optimize routing by allowing AI systems to determine the most efficient transport routes, minimizing fuel consumption, reducing costs, decreasing harmful emissions and promoting a cleaner environment.
5. Consumer Sentiment
AI analyzes consumer sentiments about sustainability. With these insights, businesses can pivot towards more sustainable product lines and adopt eco-friendly practices.
AI simulates potential supply chain scenarios to evaluate their environmental and social outcomes, assisting companies in making sustainable decisions. Research has shown sales can increase up to 20% due to corporate social responsibility.
The Challenges of Using AI for Supply Chain Sustainability
AI will undoubtedly be an integral part of the quest for sustainability. However, with the current technologies the industry has, there are some drawbacks organizations need to consider before implementing intelligent systems. Understanding these challenges allows them to maximize the benefits they get from AI.
1. Data Quality and Availability
AI models heavily depend on data to function effectively. If businesses don’t provide clean, structured and comprehensive data, these models can produce inaccurate results, leading the system to make erroneous predictions.
2. Integration Difficulties
Many companies still use legacy supply chain systems. These older systems often pose challenges when businesses try to integrate modern AI solutions, making the process complex and resource-intensive. Moreover, setting up AI for supply chain operations is not just about the technology. It involves adjusting strategies, redefining roles and ensuring the entire organization aligns with the new approach.
Cost is another significant consideration because implementing AI solutions in the supply chain can strain budgets. Companies face expenses related to technology acquisition, system integration, employee training and ongoing system maintenance.
3. Change Management
When businesses introduce AI into their supply chain, they often adjust long-standing processes and workflows. Employees accustomed to traditional methods might resist these changes, making the transition challenging.
AI suffers from a noticeable skill gap since it is a relatively new field of expertise. Enterprises often find it hard to hire or retain individuals with the necessary knowledge to manage AI in supply chain operations. In addition, AI experts and coaches add to the investment cost of integrating AI into the company’s processes.
4. Over-Dependence on Technology
Intelligent systems can give organizations a false sense of security. While AI is very dependable and accurate, a system glitch or error can cause significant disruptions in the supply chain without proper human oversight. This is especially true for situations where nuanced human judgment is necessary.
5. Bias and Security Issues
AI models can sometimes reflect biases present in their training data. When this happens, the system might make decisions that don’t align with a business’s ethical standards or societal norms. For example, AI trained for efficiency and prioritizing low cost can order non-biodegradable or recyclable packaging — problematic for a company that positions itself as an eco-friendly brand.
Some AI algorithms operate as “black boxes,” making their decision-making processes opaque. This lack of clarity can result in stakeholders and users distrusting the technology. Integrating AI into supply chains also increases the risk of cyberattacks. Malicious entities might target these AI systems to disrupt operations or access confidential data.
6. Scalability and Regulatory Concerns
As an enterprise grows, its AI solution must scale with it. Some platforms, however, don’t scale efficiently, leading to operational bottlenecks. The evolving landscape of intelligent systems also brings with it changing regulations. Companies must stay updated with these changes to remain compliant, which can be demanding.
Real-World Case Studies of AI in Supply Chain Sustainability
Several organizations have already dabbled in AI, optimizing its use in the supply chain, mostly with favorable results. Some businesses even report AI giving faster fulfillment times of up to 6.7 days compared to their conventional methods.
Stella McCartney and Google
Several fashion industry players have collaborated with Google, including Stella McCartney. Together, they’ve developed a tool that harnesses data analytics and machine learning. This tool gives a clear view of a supply chain’s environmental impact, aiding fashion brands in selecting sustainable raw materials and production techniques.
Starbucks
Starbucks has shown its commitment to sourcing sustainably produced coffee. It adopted AI and blockchain to give consumers a bean-to-cup traceability feature. Now, consumers can trace the origin of their coffee, ensuring sustainably sourced beans and fair compensation for farmers.
Unilever
Given its extensive use of palm oil in products, Unilever uses satellite monitoring, AI and geolocation data to monitor its palm oil supply chain. The aim is to combat the deforestation linked to palm oil production. This technology provides real-time alerts about deforestation risks, guiding the company toward sustainable decisions.
Walmart
Walmart has implemented an AI and blockchain-based system to trace the origin of food products in its stores. Beyond ensuring food safety, this system allows Walmart to identify sustainable suppliers and prioritize their business.
AI-Driven Supply Chain Sustainability
AI has the potential to revolutionize supply chain operations, but keen awareness and careful consideration of its challenges are crucial. Effective planning, continuous training and periodic evaluations can help mitigate these challenges, and ensure integrating AI will be worth the investment.
Each of these real-world examples emphasizes the role of AI in enhancing supply chain transparency, traceability and real-time monitoring. With a clearer view of their supply chains, companies can make informed decisions that prioritize sustainability, minimize environmental impact and promote ethical sourcing.
